Avaliação dos cursos de extensão universitária realizados pela Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da USP entre 2002 e 2008 / Evaluation of the university extension courses promoted by the Medical School of Ribeirão Preto of the University of São Paulo between 2002 and 2008

Introdução: A RESOLUÇÃO da Comissão de Cultura e Extensão da Universidade de São Paulo- CoCEx-5072 da Universidade de São Paulo(USP) regulamentou os cursos de extensão universitária. A Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da USP(FMRP-USP) passou a incentivar que diversos cursos não regulamentados fossem oficializados. Diversos empecilhos foram detectados, sendo necessário reavaliar o processo. Metodologia: Foram avaliados 106 cursos de extensão universitária realizados entre 2002 e 2008. Obteve-se dados referentes ao tipo de curso, Departamento responsável, regularidade e número de vagas oferecidas, comparando-se com a situação dos cursos no Sistema Apolo-USP. O trâmite dos processos foi avaliado através da diferença em dias entre o início e o final do processo. Todos os cursos que tiveram os certificados emitidos e anexados ao processo foram classificados como concluídos. Resultados: 1) O número de cursos regulamentados realizados pela FMRP-USP é baixo, sendo muito inferior à sua potencialidade; 2) A maioria dos cursos compreende cursos de curta duração (Difusão) esão reproduzidos em caráter anual; 3) A Comissão de Cultura e Extensão da FMRP-USP não dispõe de pessoal suficiente para gerenciamento dos cursos, dificultando ações de orientação e tramitação de processos...

Background: University of São Paulo(USP) CoCEx-5072 resolution regulates university extension courses. The Medical School of Ribeirão Preto USP(MSRP-USP) has adhered and incentivates documentation of all courses conducted. Several problems were identified, being mandatory process reconducted between 2002 and 2008 were evaluated. Data regarding course type, duration, regularity and number of attendees were recovered and compared with the official USP Apolo web system. Duration of process was calculated through the difference between date of beggining and end of process. All courses were considered concluded when certification was emited. Results: 1)The number of courses conducted by MSRP-USP is low, much inferior to its potential; 2) Th majority of courses comprehends short duration courses (Difusion) conducted on a yearly basis; 3)There were problems with personal for guiding and documenting the courses in the MSRP-USP...

Genetic characterization of 12 heterologous microsatellite markers for the giant tropical tree Cariniana legalis (Lecythidaceae)

Twelve microsatellite loci previously developed in the tropical tree Cariniana estrellensis were genetically characterized in Cariniana legalis. Polymorphisms were assessed in 28 C. legalis individuals found between the Pardo and Mogi-Guaçu River basins in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Of the 12 loci, 10 were polymorphic and exhibited Mendelian inheritance. The allelic richness at each locus ranged from 2-11, with an average of 7 alleles per locus, and the expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.07-0.88. These loci showed a high probability of paternity exclusion. The characteristics of these heterologous microsatellite markers indicate that they are suitable tools for investigating questions concerning population genetics in C. legalis.

Structure and genetic relationships between Brazilian naturalized and exotic purebred goat domestic goat (Capra hircus) breeds based on microsatellites

The genetic relationships and structure of fourteen goat (Capra hircus) populations were estimated based on genotyping data from 14 goat populations (n = 410 goats) at 13 microsatellite loci. We used analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA), principal component analysis (PCA) and F statistics (F IS, F IT and F ST) to evaluate the genetic diversity (Ho, He and ad) of the goats. Genetic distances between the 14 goat populations were calculated from allelic frequency data for the 13 microsatellite markers. Moderate differentiation was observed for the populations of the undefined breeds (including the Anglo-Nubian-M breed), the naturalized Brazilian breeds (Moxotó, Canindé), the exotic purebred breeds (Alpine, Saanen, Toggenbourg and Anglo-Nubian) and the naturalized Brazilian Graúna group. Our AMOVA showed that a major portion (88.51 percent) of the total genetic variation resulted from differences between individual goats within populations, while between-populations variation accounted for the remaining 11.49 percent of genetic variation. We used a Reynolds genetic distance matrix and PCA to produce a phenogram based on the 14 goat populations and found three clusters, or groups, consisting of the goats belonging to the undefined breed, the naturalized breeds and the exotic purebred breeds. The closer proximity of the Canindé breed from the Brazilian state of Paraíba to the Graúna breed from the same state than to the genetically conserved Canindé breed from the Brazilian state of Ceará, as well as the heterozygosity values and significant deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium suggests that there was a high number of homozygotes in the populations studied, and indicates the importance of the State for the conservation of the local breeds. Cataloguing the genetic profile of Brazilian goat populations provides essential information for conservation and genetic improvements programs.

Population structure analysis of Pimelodus maculatus (Pisces, Siluriformes) from the Tietê and Paranapanema Rivers (Brazil)

Pimelodus maculatus populations from the Tietê and Paranapanema rivers were sampled and had their genetic structure analyzed by using RAPD markers, with the aim of contributing to future conservation studies. The proportion of polymorphic loci was greater than 50 percent in the populations of both rivers. Genetic diversity data showed that, in spite of its nine hydroelectric plants, the Tietê river population was genetically homogeneous, whereas the Paranapanema river population was structured. This might be due to the presence of high waterfalls distributed all along its course. These data may serve as indicators for future conservation studies on the Tietê and Paranapanema rivers

Characterization of Brazilian soybean cultivars using microsatellite markers

Microsatellite markers or SSR (Simple Sequence Repeats) have proved to be an excellent tool for cultivar identification, pedigree analysis and the evaluation of genetic distance among organisms. Soybean cultivars have been characterized mainly by morphological and biochemical traits. However, these traits have not been sufficient to characterize the large number of cultivars eligible to receive protection under the Brazilian Cultivar Protection Act. In order to define new soybean cultivar markers, the alleles of twelve SSR loci of 186 Brazilian soybean cultivars were studied by estimating the variation in their size range and their respective frequencies. On average, 5.3 alleles per locus were detected, with a mean genetic diversity of 0.64 ± 0.12. These loci were used to distinguish morphologically similar groups, presenting a mean similarity coefficient of 0.46; their use allowed to determine 184 profiles for the 186 cultivars. A dendrogram based on the SSR loci profiles showed good agreement with the cultivar pedigree information